🌟 Afridemia LMS — B2 ENGLISH • CHAPTER 5 • LESSON 3

Theme: 🔍 Cause, Comparison & Challenge — Expressing Reasons, Differences, and Dilemmas

🎯 Lesson Objectives

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
✅ Express cause and effect clearly using precise vocabulary.
✅ Describe differences and comparisons using accurate structures.
✅ Discuss difficulties and dilemmas fluently and thoughtfully.
✅ Master comparative phrases and adverb positions in complex sentences.

💬 Teaching Insight: Blend vocabulary and grammar practice through real-world discussions (e.g., “What causes stress?” or “What’s harder — learning English or math?”)

💡 How to Use This Lesson

1. 🧠 Start with Vocabulary: Focus on meaning and examples for each theme.

2. ✏️ Study Grammar: Analyze sentence patterns, then practice speaking/writing.

3. 🎧 Listen & Watch: Observe how natural English uses comparisons and causes.

4. 📘 Review Offline: Use downloadable PDFs to reinforce learning.

🔗 Quick Links
📘 Download Vocabulary PDF (Units 67–69)
📗 Download Grammar PDF (Units 73–75)
🎧 Download Practice PDF (Practice 3)

🗂️ VOCABULARY — Basic Concepts (Units 67–69)

💥 Unit 67: Cause and Effect

Explore how actions and situations lead to consequences.
Examples: lead to, result in, bring about, trigger, stem from, as a result of
🔎 Tip: Create flow charts to visualize relationships between cause and effect.

📍 Mini-Activity: Explain how climate change affects everyday life using three cause-effect phrases.

⚖️ Unit 68: Spot the Difference — Making Comparisons

Learn how to highlight contrasts and similarities accurately.
Examples: unlike, similar to, in contrast to, whereas, compared with
🔎 Tip: Use real-life examples (e.g., “Online learning vs. classroom learning”).

📍 Mini-Activity: Compare two objects or photos using five comparison phrases.

🧩 Unit 69: Difficulties and Dilemmas

Discuss problems, challenges, and decision-making language.
Examples: obstacle, predicament, tough choice, hardship, struggle
🔎 Tip: Pair students to discuss “a time you had to make a difficult decision.”

📍 Mini-Activity: Brainstorm idioms for difficulties (e.g., in a tight spot, between a rock and a hard place).

✏️ GRAMMAR — Adjectives & Adverbs (Units 73–75)

⚖️ Unit 73: Comparative Phrases and Clauses

Learn advanced ways to compare ideas using full phrases or clauses.
Examples: The more you read, the better you write. | It’s as easy as it seems.
🔎 Tip: Show how “as…as” and “the more…the more” add rhythm to comparisons.

📍 Mini-Activity: Write three “The more…” sentences about study habits or goals.

📍 Unit 74: Position of Adverbs (1)

Understand how adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs in a sentence.
Examples: He often studies late. | She completely forgot the time.
🔎 Tip: Emphasize meaning changes when adverbs move position.

📍 Mini-Activity: Move adverbs around in a sentence and notice how it changes tone.

🪶 Unit 75: Position of Adverbs (2)

Dive deeper into complex sentences and fixed adverb positions (especially, probably, fortunately).
Examples: Fortunately, we arrived on time. | She probably won’t attend.
🔎 Tip: Use adverb placement drills — one sentence, multiple variations.

📍 Mini-Activity: Create 5 sentences using different adverb positions.

🎧 PRACTICE 3 — Listening & Viewing Activities

🎯 Practice Focus

Enhance comprehension while recognizing cause-effect, comparison, and descriptive adverb usage.

🎬 Audio 1: Horror Films

🎧 Focus on adjectives and adverbs used to create suspense and fear.
🔎 Tip: Identify how sound and description combine to produce effect.
📍 Mini-Task: Write a short movie description using three cause-and-effect phrases.

🗣️ Audio 2: Learning Languages

🎧 Hear real learners discuss challenges and advantages of language learning.
🔎 Tip: Listen for comparative expressions (easier than, more enjoyable than).
📍 Mini-Task: Record yourself comparing English to another language you know.

🎭 Words on the Street: Shakespeare Series

🎥 Explore modern versions of Much Ado About Nothing and Stratford Stories.
Videos:

• Much Ado 1: A Beautiful Trick — ……/31

• Much Ado 2: Fun to Play — ……/16

• Stratford 1: Shakespeare, Glove Maker — ……/32

• Stratford 2: The Lost Years — ……/30

🔎 Tip: Focus on body language and tone to identify adjectives and adverbs in context.
📍 Mini-Task: Act out a short dialogue inspired by the clips using at least three comparative phrases.

📥 DOWNLOADS & RESOURCES

📘 Vocabulary Notes (Units 67–69)
📗 Grammar Notes (Units 73–75)
📙 Practice Activities (Lesson 3)

🌟 TEACHER & STUDENT TIPS

• 💬 Tip 1: Use comparison boards — “Is it better to…?” to encourage debate.

• 🧭 Tip 2: Teach cause and effect visually using arrows or comic strips.

• 🎭 Tip 3: For listening, always preview key adjectives and adverbs before playing the clip.

🌠 “Challenges test your words, comparisons shape your clarity, and causes reveal your reasoning.”
Every new expression gives your voice more depth. Speak bravely, describe precisely, and keep learning — one connection at a time.